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1.
Sci. med. (Porto Alegre, Online) ; 27(2): ID26565, abr-jun 2017.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-848179

ABSTRACT

AIMS: This article reports a case of pyonephrosis caused by Salmonella sp. in a patient with polycystic kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis treatment. CASE DESCRIPTION: An elderly male patient previously diagnosed with polycystic kidney disease undergoing standard hemodyalitic treatment presented uronephrosis, evolving to pyonephrosis caused by Salmonella sp., and was successfully treated with ciprofloxacin. CONCLUSIONS: The polycystic kidney disease may have contributed to the bacteria's attachment to the kidney, due to increase of permeability of the intestinal mucosa, easier bacterial translocation to bloodstream and its subsequent accommodation in the infected organ.


OBJETIVOS: Este artigo relata um caso de pionefrose causada por Salmonella sp. em paciente com doença renal policística em tratamento por hemodiálise. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Um paciente idoso do sexo masculino, previamente diagnosticado com doença renal policística, em tratamento convencional por hemodiálise, apresentou uronefrose, evoluindo a pionefrose causada por Salmonella sp., sendo tratado com sucesso com ciprofloxacino. CONCLUSÕES: A doença renal policística pode ter contribuído para a instalação da bactéria no rim, visto o aumento da permeabilidade da mucosa intestinal e maior facilidade de translocação da bactéria para a corrente sanguínea e seu posterior alojamento no órgão infectado.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Salmonella , Pyonephrosis , Polycystic Kidney Diseases , Renal Dialysis , Hydronephrosis , Kidney Diseases
2.
São Paulo med. j ; 133(5): 450-453, Sept.-Oct. 2015. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-767134

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome is an exfoliative skin disease. Reports of this syndrome in newborns caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus are rare but, when present, rapid diagnosis and treatment is required in order to decrease morbidity and mortality. CASE REPORT: A premature newly born girl weighing 1,520 g, born with a gestational age of 29 weeks and 4 days, developed staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome on the fifth day of life. Cultures on blood samples collected on the first and fourth days were negative, but Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus sp. (vancomycin-sensitive) developed in blood cultures performed on the day of death (seventh day), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Serratia marcescens were identified in cultures on nasopharyngeal, buttock and abdominal secretions. In addition to these two Gram-negative bacilli, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated in a culture on the umbilical stump (seventh day). The diagnosis of staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome was based on clinical criteria.


CONTEXTO: A síndrome da pele escaldada estafilocócica é uma doença esfoliativa de pele. São raros os relatos desta síndrome causada por Staphylococcus aureusresistente à meticilina em neonatos, mas, quando presentes, exigem diagnóstico e tratamento rápidos para diminuir a morbidade e mortalidade. RELATO DE CASO: Uma menina recém-nascida prematura, pesando 1.520 g ao nascimento, com idade gestacional de 29 semanas e 4 dias, desenvolveu síndrome da pele escaldada estafilocócica no quinto dia de vida. As culturas de sangue coletadas no primeiro e quarto dias foram negativas, mas houve desenvolvimento de Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Enterococcus sp. (vancomicina sensível) na hemocultura realizada no dia do óbito (sétimo dia) e Pseudomonas aeruginosa e Serratia marcescens foram identificadas nas culturas de secreção da nasofaringe, nádega e da secreção abdominal. Na cultura do coto umbilical (sétimo dia), além desses dois bacilos Gram-negativos, foi isolado o Staphylococcus aureus resistente à meticilina. O diagnóstico da síndrome da pele escaldada estafilocócica foi baseado em critério clínico.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Infant, Premature, Diseases/microbiology , Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Staphylococcal Scalded Skin Syndrome/microbiology , Bacteremia , Fatal Outcome , Infant, Premature
3.
Einstein (Säo Paulo) ; 12(3): 282-286, Jul-Sep/2014. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-723932

ABSTRACT

Objective To analyze the profile of patients with microorganisms resistant to carbapenems, and the prevalence of the enzyme Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase in interobacteriaceae. Methods Retrospective descriptive study. From the isolation in bacteriological tests ordered by clinicians, we described the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with enterobacteria resistants to carbapenems at a university hospital, between March and October 2013. Results We included 47 isolated patients in this study, all exhibiting resistance to carbapenems, including 9 patients who were confirmed as infected/colonized with K. pneumoniae carbapenemase. Isolation in tracheal aspirates (12; 25.5%) predominated. The resistance to ertapenem, meropenem, and imipenem was 91.5%, 83.0% and 80.0%, respectively. Aminoglycosides was the class of antimicrobials that showed the highest sensitivity, 91.5% being sensitive to amikacin and 57.4% to gentamicin. Conclusion The K. pneumoniae carbapenemase was an important agent in graun isotaling in hospital intection. The limited therapeutic options emphasize the need for rapid laboratory detection, as well as the implementation of measures to prevent and control the spread of these pathogens. .


Objetivo Analisar o perfil dos pacientes que apresentaram microrganismos com resistência aos carbapenêmicos, e a prevalência da enzima Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase em enterobactérias. Métodos Estudo retrospectivo descritivo. A partir do isolamento em exames bacteriológicos solicitados pelos clínicos, descrevemos as características clínicas e epidemiológicas dos pacientes que apresentaram enterobactérias resistentes aos carbapenêmicos entre março e outubro de 2013 em um hospital universitário. Resultados Foram incluídos 47 pacientes isolados, todos apresentando resistência aos carbapenêmicos, dos quais 9 tiveram confirmação de infecção/colonização por K. pneumoniae carbapenemase. Ocorreu predomínio de isolamento em aspirados traqueais (12; 25,5%). A resistência ao ertapenem, meropenem e imipenem foi de 91,5%, 83,0% e 80,0%, respectivamente. Os aminoglicosídeos foram a classe de antimicrobianos que apresentou maior sensibilidade, sendo 91,5% sensível a amicacina e 57,4% a gentamicina. Conclusão A K. pneumoniae carbapenemase constituiu um importante patógeno hospitalar em isolamento crescente nesse nosocômio. As limitadas opções terapêuticas reforçam a necessidade de uma rápida detecção laboratorial, assim como a implementação de medidas de prevenção e controle da disseminação desses patógenos. .


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Male , Young Adult , Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis , Cross Infection/microbiology , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Enterobacteriaceae/enzymology , Klebsiella Infections/enzymology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology , beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis , Carbapenems/therapeutic use , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/enzymology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/microbiology , Enterobacteriaceae/drug effects , Enterobacteriaceae/isolation & purification , Hospitals, Teaching/statistics & numerical data , Klebsiella Infections/microbiology , Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Microbial Sensitivity Tests , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Retrospective Studies
4.
Braz. j. infect. dis ; 14(3): 294-296, May-June 2010. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-556845

ABSTRACT

Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) is a frequent and severe complication that occurs in patient with cirrhosis and ascites. It occurs in 10 percent to 30 percent of patients admitted to hospital. The organisms that cause SBP are predominantly enteric. Escherichia coli is the most frequent recovered pathogen, and Gram-positive bacteria, mainly Staphylococcus spp., are being considered an emerging causative agent of SBP. Streptococcus bovis that may be found as part of the commensal bowel flora in about 10 percent of healthy adults constitute an uncommon cause of peritonitis that was first reported in 1994. We describe the first case of SBP at the University Hospital of Santa Maria (HUSM) caused by S. bovis, resistant to the antibiotics erythromycin and clindamycin (inducible clindamycin resistance detected by disk diffusion test using the D-zone test).


Subject(s)
Aged , Humans , Male , Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic/complications , Peritonitis/microbiology , Streptococcal Infections/microbiology , Streptococcus bovis/isolation & purification , Fatal Outcome
5.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 41(2): 278-282, Apr.-June 2010. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-545329

ABSTRACT

The emergence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing microorganisms in Brazilian hospitals is a challenge that concerns scientists, clinicians and healthcare institutions due to the serious risk they pose to confined patients. The goal of this study was the detection of ESBL production by clinical strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella sp. isolated from pus, urine and blood of patients at Hospital Universitário Santa Maria, Rio Grande Sul, RS, Brazil and the genotyping of the isolates based on bla SHV genes. The ESBL study was carried out using the Combined Disc Method, while Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to study the bla SHV genes. Of the 90 tested isolates, 55 (61.1 percent) were identified as ESBL-producing by the combined disk method. The bla SHV genes were found in 67.8 percent of these microorganisms. K. pneumoniae predominated in the samples, presenting the highest frequency of positive results from the combined disk and PCR.


Subject(s)
Humans , Base Sequence , Clinical Enzyme Tests , Drug Resistance, Microbial , Enterobacteriaceae/enzymology , Enterobacteriaceae Infections/enzymology , Patients , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Pseudomonadaceae/enzymology , beta-Lactamases/analysis , Diagnostic Techniques and Procedures , Genotype , Methods , Prevalence
6.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 38(3): 147-150, jul.-set . 2006. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-461302

ABSTRACT

A infecção do Trato Urinário (ITU) é considerada uma das infecções mais comuns, tanto nosocomial quanto na comunidade. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a prevalência de patógenos responsáveis por infecções do trato urinário observadas no Hospital Huniversitário de Santa Maria. Durante o período de janeiro à junho de 2004 foram analisados os resultados de 2629 culturas. Eschericia coli foi o microrganismo isolado mais prevalente (52,1) seguido pela Pseudomas aeruginosa com 6,8.


Subject(s)
Humans , Urinary Tract/microbiology , Prevalence , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , Sensitivity and Specificity
7.
J. bras. patol. med. lab ; 41(6): 391-395, dez. 2005. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-458916

ABSTRACT

O gênero Enterococcus tem emergido como um dos mais importantes patógenos hospitalares no mundo inteiro. No presente estudo, a ocorrência das infecções enterocócicas por espécie e o sítio da infecção foram analisados. O Enterococcus faecalis foi a espécie de enterococo predominante em todos os isolamentos clínicos. Duzentos e trinta e três amostras de enterococos isoladas dos pacientes atendidos no Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM) foram analisadas. A suscetibilidade antimicrobiana de alguns agentes foi também avaliada.


Members of the genus Enterococcus have emerged as the most important nosocomial pathogens worldwide.In the present study, the occurrence of enterococcal infections by species and site of infection was analyzed. Enterococcus faecalis was the predominant enterococci species among all clinical isolates. A total of 233 enterococci isolates obtained from patients of Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility to a variety of agents was also evaluated.


Subject(s)
Humans , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , Drug Resistance, Bacterial , Enterococcus faecalis , Enterococcus faecium , Hospitals, University , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/drug therapy , Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Sensitivity and Specificity
8.
Rev. bras. anal. clin ; 36(3): 173-175, 2004. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-497986

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo descreve a etiologia dos episódios infecciosos da corrente sanguínea, diagnosticados através de hemoculturas, observados no âmbito do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria entre 1999 e 2001. Dos 2027 hemocultivos positivos, 53,9% foram devidos a cocos gram positivos; 17% devido a bacilos gram negativos não fermentadores; 16,64% devido a bacilos gram negativos fermaentadores e 4,88% por leveduras do gênero candida. O estudo da suscetibilidade dos isolados detectou que 37,1% de Staphylococcus aureus eram oxacilina resistentes e, entre Staphylococcus epidermidis, esta resistência atingiu 65% dos isolados. Os autores comparam seus resultados com estudos semelhantes desenvolvidos em outros centros brasileiros e no exterior.


Subject(s)
Humans , Blood Chemical Analysis/methods , Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Mycoses
9.
J. pediatr. (Rio J.) ; 71(6): 341-3, nov.-dez. 1995.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-176002

ABSTRACT

Relatamos um caso de peritonite po Trichosporon beigelii em uma criança com dois anos de idade, durante tratamento por diálise peritoneal ambulatorial continuada(CAPD). O diagnóstico foi feito pelo exame direto e isolamento em cultivo do sedimento do dialisado. Säo comentadas as infecçöes na criança causadas por este patógeno emergente


Subject(s)
Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory , Peritonitis , Trichosporon , Child
10.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 36(5): 403-8, set.-out. 1994. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-154313

ABSTRACT

E relatado um caso de infeccao cutanea de origem nao traumatica por Nocardia asteroides em paciente hospitalizado com doenca broncopulmonar obstrutiva cronica. O diagnostico foi feito pelo exame direto e histologico e culturas do exsudato e fragmento de biopsia. E discutida a classificacao das formas clinicas das infeccoes por Nocardia que afetam a pele.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Aged , Lung Diseases, Obstructive/pathology , Nocardia Infections/classification , Nocardia/isolation & purification , Skin/injuries
11.
Rev. Inst. Med. Trop. Säo Paulo ; 35(4): 377-379, Jul.-Aug. 1993.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-320249

ABSTRACT

This paper reports a case of peritonitis by Nocardia asteroides during continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis in a man who had systemic lupus erythematous and chronic renal failure. Diagnosis was established by microscopic examination (Gram and Kinyoun) and culture of centrifuged dialysis fluid and the patient was treated with Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole by intraperitoneal route.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory/adverse effects , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/therapy , Nocardia Infections , Peritonitis , Cephalothin , Drug Therapy, Combination , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Nocardia asteroides , Nocardia Infections , Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination/administration & dosage
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